{"id":146481,"date":"2025-09-18T12:35:27","date_gmt":"2025-09-18T12:35:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.supermemo.com\/?p=146481"},"modified":"2025-09-18T12:35:30","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T12:35:30","slug":"to-be-or-not-to-be-podstawy-czasownika-byc-w-present-simple","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stage.supermemo.com\/pl\/blog\/to-be-or-not-to-be-podstawy-czasownika-byc-w-present-simple","title":{"rendered":"\u201eTo be, or not to be?\u201d \u2013 podstawy czasownika \u201eby\u0107\u201d w Present Simple"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-10 col-lg-9 col-xl-8 mx-auto\"><div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><strong>Czasownik <\/strong><strong><em>to be<\/em><\/strong><strong> to jeden z pierwszych element\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re poznaje ka\u017cdy ucz\u0105cy si\u0119 angielskiego. Bez niego trudno zbudowa\u0107 jakiekolwiek poprawne zdanie. To on pozwala powiedzie\u0107, kim jeste\u015b, sk\u0105d pochodzisz, czym si\u0119 zajmujesz i jak si\u0119 czujesz. Dlatego jego opanowanie to fundament \u2013 absolutne \u201eby\u0107 albo nie by\u0107\u201d w j\u0119zyku angielskim.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>W tym artykule znajdziesz jasne wyja\u015bnienia, przyk\u0142ady i kr\u00f3tkie \u0107wiczenia. Poznasz trzy podstawowe formy czasownika <em>to be<\/em> w Present Simple, nauczysz si\u0119 ich u\u017cywa\u0107 w zdaniach twierdz\u0105cych, pytaniach i przeczeniach, a tak\u017ce dowiesz si\u0119, kiedy stosowa\u0107 formy pe\u0142ne, a kiedy skr\u00f3cone.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trzy oblicza \u201eto be\u201d \u2013 am, is, are<\/h2>\n\n<p><em>To be<\/em> jest czasownikiem nieregularnym, co oznacza, \u017ce nie podlega typowym zasadom odmiany. W czasie Present Simple przyjmuje trzy formy: <strong>am<\/strong>, <strong>is<\/strong> i <strong>are<\/strong>. To od nich zaczyna si\u0119 poprawna komunikacja na poziomie podstawowym.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Zdania twierdz\u0105ce<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kiedy chcemy stwierdzi\u0107 fakt, u\u017cywamy form twierdz\u0105cych. Oto ich podstawowe zestawienie:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Osoba<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Forma pe\u0142na<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Forma skr\u00f3cona<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">I<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">I am<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">I\u2019m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you are<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you\u2019re<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">he<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">he is<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">he\u2019s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">she<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">she is<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">she\u2019s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">it<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">it is<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">it\u2019s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">we<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">we are<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">we\u2019re<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you are<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you\u2019re<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">they<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">they are<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">they\u2019re<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p>Formy pe\u0142ne (np. <em>I am<\/em>) cz\u0119\u015bciej stosuje si\u0119 w pi\u015bmie i w sytuacjach oficjalnych. Skr\u00f3cone (<em>I\u2019m, you\u2019re<\/em>) dominuj\u0105 w j\u0119zyku m\u00f3wionym, bo brzmi\u0105 naturalnie i u\u0142atwiaj\u0105 szybkie porozumiewanie si\u0119.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I am fine, thank you.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>My name is John.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alice and Mary Parker are sisters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>\u0106wiczenie:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong> Uzupe\u0142nij luki odpowiedni\u0105 form\u0105 <em>to be<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I ___ Susan Parker.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>My husband John ___ forty-four.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Our daughters ___ fourteen and ten.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Pytania<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tworzenie pyta\u0144 z <em>to be<\/em> jest wyj\u0105tkowo proste \u2013 wystarczy zamieni\u0107 miejscami podmiot i orzeczenie. To r\u00f3\u017cni angielski od polskiego, gdzie cz\u0119sto dodajemy s\u0142owo \u201eczy\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Osoba<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Pytanie<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">I<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Am I\u2026?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Are you\u2026?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">he\/she\/it<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Is he\/she\/it\u2026?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">we\/you\/they<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Are we\/you\/they\u2026?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Are you Scottish, Mr Lewis?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Where are you from?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How old is John?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Na pytania odpowiada si\u0119 kr\u00f3tko: <em>Yes, I am.<\/em> \/ <em>No, I\u2019m not.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u0106wiczenie:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>Uzupe\u0142nij pytania:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How old ___ John Parker?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How old ___ Alice and Mary?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Przeczenia<\/h3>\n\n<p>Aby utworzy\u0107 przeczenie, wystarczy doda\u0107 <em>not<\/em> do odpowiedniej formy. Tutaj r\u00f3wnie\u017c mamy wersje pe\u0142ne i skr\u00f3cone:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Forma pe\u0142na<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Skr\u00f3cona<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">I am not<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">I\u2019m not<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you are not<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">you aren\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">he is not<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">he isn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">she is not<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">she isn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">it is not<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">it isn\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">we are not<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">we aren\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">they are not<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">they aren\u2019t<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p>Formy skr\u00f3cone (<em>isn\u2019t, aren\u2019t<\/em>) najcz\u0119\u015bciej pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 w mowie. Pe\u0142ne (<em>is not, are not<\/em>) stosuje si\u0119 w tekstach oficjalnych lub w sytuacjach, gdy chcemy co\u015b mocniej zaakcentowa\u0107.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>No, I\u2019m not. I\u2019m English.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>John Parker isn\u2019t ten years old.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>\u0106wiczenie:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong> Zmie\u0144 zdania na przecz\u0105ce:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>John Parker is ten years old. \u2192 John Parker ___ ten years old.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>John and Susan are children. \u2192 John and Susan ___ children.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dlaczego \u201eto be\u201d jest tak wa\u017cne?<\/h2>\n\n<p><em>To be<\/em> otwiera drog\u0119 do podstawowej komunikacji. Dzi\u0119ki niemu mo\u017cna poda\u0107 wiek, narodowo\u015b\u0107, zaw\u00f3d czy opisa\u0107 rodzin\u0119. To tak\u017ce baza do bardziej z\u0142o\u017conych struktur, np. czasu Present Continuous czy strony biernej.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ady zastosowa\u0144:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Przedstawianie si\u0119: <em>My name is John. I am forty-four.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Narodowo\u015b\u0107: <em>Bob Lewis is English. He\u2019s from Manchester.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zaw\u00f3d: <em>She is an actress.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Relacje rodzinne: <em>Alice and Mary Parker are sisters.<\/em><em><br><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Podsumowanie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Czasownik <em>to be<\/em> w Present Simple to pierwszy krok do swobodnego porozumiewania si\u0119 po angielsku. Warto pami\u0119ta\u0107 o r\u00f3\u017cnicy mi\u0119dzy formami pe\u0142nymi i skr\u00f3conymi oraz o zasadzie inwersji w pytaniach. Regularne \u0107wiczenia, np. z aplikacj\u0105 SuperMemo i materia\u0142ami z kursu i podr\u0119cznika <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.supermemo.com\/pl\/kursy\/angielski-a1-no-problem\">Angielski A1. No problem!<\/a><\/strong>, sprawi\u0105, \u017ce u\u017cywanie <em>to be<\/em> stanie si\u0119 naturalne i automatyczne. Sprawd\u017a, gdzie znale\u017a\u0107 podr\u0119cznik PDF po zakupie kursu online w naszym <a href=\"https:\/\/www.supermemo.com\/pl\/faq\/gdzie-znajde-pliki-pdf-oraz-mp3-dolaczone-do-kursu\">FAQ<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Odpowiedzi do \u0107wicze\u0144:<br><\/strong>Twierdzenia: 1. am, 2. is, 3. are<br>Pytania: 1. is, 2. are<br>Przeczenia: 1. isn\u2019t, 2. aren\u2019t<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Czasownik to be to jeden z pierwszych element\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re poznaje ka\u017cdy ucz\u0105cy si\u0119 angielskiego. Bez niego trudno zbudowa\u0107 jakiekolwiek poprawne zdanie. To on pozwala powiedzie\u0107, kim jeste\u015b, sk\u0105d pochodzisz, czym si\u0119 zajmujesz i jak si\u0119 czujesz. Dlatego jego opanowanie to fundament \u2013 absolutne \u201eby\u0107 albo nie by\u0107\u201d w j\u0119zyku angielskim.","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":146483,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,206],"tags":[716,2471,2691,2690,2692],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u201eTo be, or not to be?\u201d \u2013 podstawy czasownika \u201eby\u0107\u201d w Present Simple - SuperMemo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wszystkie najwa\u017cniejsze informacje o &quot;to be&quot; w czasie Present Simple w jednym miejscu. 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